Understanding FIP in Cats: What Pet Owners Need to Know

By Lakeshore Road Animal Hospital

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a serious and often misunderstood disease that affects cats. At Lakeshore Road Animal Hospital, we know how heartbreaking it can be to hear this diagnosis, so we want to help you understand what FIP is, how it's caused, and the treatment options that are now becoming available.

What Is FIP?

FIP is caused by a mutation of the feline coronavirus (not the same as COVID-19). While many cats carry feline coronavirus without issues, in some cats—especially kittens and those with weak immune systems—the virus mutates and causes FIP.

There are two forms of FIP:

• Wet (effusive) FIP: Causes fluid buildup in the chest or abdomen, leading to difficulty breathing or a swollen belly.
• Dry (non-effusive) FIP: Affects organs like the eyes, brain, and liver, leading to neurological signs, vision problems, or weight loss.

Symptoms of FIP

• Persistent fever
• Weight loss
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy
• Difficulty breathing or fluid in the abdomen
• Neurological changes or eye issues

FIP most commonly affects young cats (under 2 years old), especially those in shelters, rescues, or multi-cat homes.

Is There a Cure?

In the past, FIP was considered fatal. However, new antiviral treatments are now showing success in managing and even curing the disease in many cats. These treatments are still evolving, and we encourage owners to speak with us directly about options and guidance.